Fibrocystic Breasts

What Causes Fibrocystic Breast Changes?

Fibrocystic breast changes are caused by changes in hormone levels throughout your menstrual cycle. Many women notice an increase in symptoms in the days leading up to their period that tend to improve after their period starts. Symptoms may be worse if your periods are heavy or irregular.

Fibrocystic Breast Symptoms

Common symptoms include:

• Sore or painful breasts
• Swollen or heavy-feeling breasts
• Soreness or discomfort under the arms
• Breasts that feel lumpy
• Breast lumps that get bigger around your period (fibroadenomas)

Diagnosis and Treatment

While fibrocystic breast changes are not harmful, they can be uncomfortable and painful. Lumpy breasts can also make it harder to tell if there are any new or unusual lumps. Any changes to your breasts should be discussed with your healthcare provider so they can rule out more serious conditions such as breast cancer. Your provider will conduct a physical breast exam and may recommend imaging tests such as mammogram or breast ultrasound. A biopsy may be ordered if your provider notices a suspicious lump. This procedure used a needle to collect a sample from the lump and exam it in a lab.

It’s important for all women ages 40 and over to get regular screening mammograms regardless of any breast symptoms. It’s the best tool for catching breast cancer early when it is most easily treated.

Fibrocystic breast changes rarely require treatment. Self-care measures can be used to treat the pain and discomfort associated with fibrocystic breasts. These include:

• Take over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen.
• Use ice or heat applied to the breast to relieve pain.
• Wear a supportive bra to help minimize pain.

If symptoms are severe or accompanied by other menstrual symptoms such as heavy or irregular periods, your healthcare provider may recommend birth control pills or other medications. Surgery is not typically recommended for fibrocystic breasts.