Multiple Sclerosis & Neuroimmunology
Paraneoplastic and Non-Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes Associated with Neuronal Auto Antibodies
| Antibody | Clinical/anatomical syndrome | Associated tumor | % of idiopathic cases |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hu (ANNA1) | Limbic encephalitis, ataxia, neuropathy | SCLC (small cell lung cancer) | 2% |
| Ri (ANNA2) | Ataxia, involuntary movements | Breast, SCLC | 4% |
| Yo (PCA1) | Ataxia | Ovary, breast | 2% |
| CV2 (CRMP5) | Limbic encephalitis, involuntary movements, visual changes | SCLC, thymoma | 4% |
| Ma2 | Involuntary movements and parkinsonism | Testicular seminoma | 4% |
| Tr/DNER | Ataxia | Hodgkin's lymphoma | 10% |
| Amphiphysin | Stiff person syndrome | Breast, SCLC | 5% |
| GAD65 | Stiff person syndrome, limbic encephalitis, ataxia | Rarely thymoma | 75% |
| Antibody | Clinical/anatomical syndrome | Associated tumor | % of idiopathic cases |
|---|---|---|---|
| VGCC | Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, ataxia, neuropathy | SCLC | 79% |
| ACHR-G | Autonomic dysfunction | idiopathic | Majority are idiopathic |
| Antibody | Clinical/anatomical syndrome | Associated tumor | % of idiopathic cases |
|---|---|---|---|
| NMDA | Limbic encephalitis, Psychosis, speech dysfunction, involuntary movements, coma, seizures, autonomic dysfunction | Ovarian teratoma or rarely testicular | 41% (especially children) |
| AMPA | Limbic encephalitis | SCLC, breast, thymoma | 30% |
| GABA-A | Seizures, stiff person syndrome | Thymoma | 95% |
| GABA-B | Limbic encephalitis | SCLC | 50% |
| Glycine R | Stiff person syndrome, involuntary movements | idiopathic | 97% |
| mGluR1/anti Homer-3 | Ataxia | Hodgkin's lymphoma | Mostly paraneoplastic |
| mGluR5 | Limbic encephalitis | Hodgkin's lymphoma | Mostly paraneoplastic |
| VGKC (CASPR2) | Limbic encephalitis, neuromyotonia | Rare: thymoma, SCLC | 70% |
| VGKC (LGI1) | Limbic encephalitis, seizures | Rare: thymoma, SCLC | 70% |
| DPPX | Involuntary movements, dysautonomia | Rare: Lymphoma | 90% |
| D2 | Involuntary movements | idiopathic | 100% |