Introduction:
Myofascial pain describes pain coming from the muscles and connective tissues. The pain can be localized to a single muscle or involve several muscle groups. The defining characteristic in myofascial pain syndrome is the presence of a trigger point(s). A trigger point is a small area of muscle and connective tissue that, when pressed, reproduces the pain that the patient experiences. The pain can be localized to the area of the trigger point(s) or can radiate to another part of the body.
What causes myofascial pain?
Myofascial pain may develop from a simple muscle strain/sprain or from more serious injuries. Sometimes the offending incident is so innocuous that it is not identified.
Symptoms:
Muscle pain that is sharp, aching, and sometimes shooting in nature. There are usually specific tender points that reproduce the pain when palpated. The pain can be exacerbated with activity and stress. Myofascial pain can also be associated with depression and fatigue.
Diagnosis:
A diagnosis of myofascial pain is made clinically by a qualified physician who would perform a complete history and physical exam. There are no specific tests at this time to make the diagnosis.
Treatment:
- Physical therapy
- Massage therapy
- Medications (anti-inflammatory, anti-depressants, muscle relaxants, etc.)
- Trigger point injections