What is cancer?
Diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and invade other tissues. The new cells form when the body does not need them, and old cells do not die when they should. The extra cells form a mass of tissue called a growth or tumor. It is important to know that not all tumors are cancerous and they are either benign or malignant.
- Benign tumors are not cancer. They do not spread to other parts of the body and are rarely a threat to life.
- Malignant tumors are cancer. The cells divide without control and invade and destroy the tissue around them.
The spread of cancer is called metastasis.
What causes cancer?
Cancer is caused by changes in genes that normally control the growth and death of cells. Many things have been show to increase the likelihood of cancer including: tobacco use, diet, exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun, inherited conditions, and exposure to cancer-causing substances called carcinogens.
Cancer is not contagious.
Can cancer be prevented?
Although there is no guaranteed way to prevent cancer, people can reduce their risk (chance) of developing cancer by:
- not using tobacco products
- choosing foods with less fat and eating more vegetables, fruits, and whole grains
- exercising regularly and maintaining a lean weight
- avoiding the harmful rays of the sun, using sunscreen, and wearing clothing that protects the skin
- talking with a doctor about the possible benefits of drugs proven to reduce the risk of certain cancers
Ways to protect yourself:
- avoiding risk factors whenever possible
- get regular checkups